Maths for Kids : Profit and loss

Question : Retail Division accounts for 40% of ABC bank’s profit. If the bank wants to grow its overall profit by 15% only through the Retail Division, by how many percentage does this division’s profit have to grow?


Solution: let Pi be the bank's initial profit.

retail=0.4Pi

other=0.6Pi

They want to increase their profit by 15% to become

Pf=Pi(1.15)=(1+g) retail profit + other profit

(1.15)Pi=(1+g)(0.4Pi)+0.6Pi

1.15Pi=(0.4(1+g)+0.6)Pi

1.15=0.4(1+g)+0.6

0.55=0.4(1+g)

1.375=1+g

g=0.375=37.5%

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Question : Aishi sold his dinning table set at a loss of 20%. If she had sold it for Rs 600 more, she would have received a profit of 5%. What is the cost price .

let X is cost prize
 Selling prize with 20 % loss = 0.8 X
Selling prize with 5 % profit = 1.05 X

1.05 X - 0.8 X = 600
0.25 X = 600
X = 2400
cost prize Rs 2400

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 If the cost price of 12 pencils is equal to the selling price of 10 pencils, then what is the gain percent  ?

let cost prize is X
total selling prize of 12 pencil = 12/10 * X = 1.2 * X

gain = 1.2 X - X = 0.2 X
gain percent = ( 0.2 X * 100 )/ X = 20 %

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